Q&A - PSLE Math

[MathIzzzFun]

KP2:

Hi,

Could you please help me with this question?

Mr Johnson bought 1.5 times as many toy cars as toy trains. He spent $8456 altogether. A toy train costs $16 more than a toy car. The total cost of the toy trains was $616 less than the total cost of the toy cars. Find the cost of the toy car.

total cost for the trains = $(8456-616)/2 = $ 3920
total cost for the toy cars = $8456 - $3920 = $4536

number of trains --> 2 units, cost of trains/unit --> $3920/2 = $1960
number of toy cars --> 3 units, cost of toy cars/unit --> $4536/3 = $1512

Number of cars/toy in 1 unit = ($1960-$1512)/$16 = 28

cost of 1 train --> $ 2960/28 = $70
cost of 1 toy car --> $1512/28 = $54

cheers.

[ozora]

Need guide in the following double if questions.

Q1. A team of students calculated their average score for their tests.
If anyone of them scored 5 points less, their average score would be 87.
If anyone of them scored 13 more points, their average score would be 90.
How many students are there?

Q2. A baker made some cookies.
If he packs a vanilla cookie with a choco cookie, there will be 60 choco cookies left.
If he packs every 2 vanilla cookies with 3 choco cookies, there will be 50 vanilla cookies left.
how many cookies did he make?
thanks

[tianzhu]

YumYum:

Hi, can someone pls help with these Qns:


1) Mary bought some red marbles and have half to Noel.
Noel bought some blue marbles and gave half to Mary.
Mary lost 16 red marbles and Noel lost 55 blue marbles.
The ratio of Mary's red marbles to blue marbles became 18:55 and the ratio of Noel's red marbles to blue marbles became 7:20.
How many red marbles did Mary buy?

Hi

Please check with your source.

We could not get nice whole number as the answer.

Perhaps, it should be read as 18:85

The solution is based on the revised ratio of 18:85

Hope this helps

Best wishes

http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7456/8722620110_27aa90062c_z.jpg\">

[KP2]

:thankyou: MathIzzzFun

[fullhope]

Thanks Tianzhu for the answer.

[fullhope]

Thanks Tianzhu for the answer.

[YumYum]

Tianzhu, thks for yr help the Qn on the marbles, the ratio is indeed 18:85. My mistake in typing it out. Thanks :rahrah:

[smileplease]

Please help in this Q.


J and R are given some money each. If J and R spend $60 and $30 each day respectively, J will still have $600 when R has spent all his money. If J and R spend $30 and $60 each day respectively, J will still have $1500 when R has spent all his money.

a) How much is given to J at first?
b) If J and R spend $35 and $20 respectively, how much money would J have left when R has spent all his money?

Thank you…

[iCreative Math]

Yum Yum, your question below:-


1) Mary bought some red marbles and have half to Noel.
Noel bought some blue marbles and gave half to Mary.
Mary lost 16 red marbles and Noel lost 55 blue marbles.
The ratio of Mary's red marbles to blue marbles became 18:85 and the ratio of Noel's red marbles to blue marbles became 7:20.
How many red marbles did Mary buy?

is adapted from the 2009 PSLE question with changes to the numbers and the resultant ratios but they are essentially similar questions.

I have posted the explanation of the solution to the 2009 PSLE question in YouTube (see the link below).

I hope the verbal explanation will be helpful for your child to understand the solution to this sort of questions.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epaXFwd5j_0

Best Regards,

iCreative Math

[cimman]

ozora:

PapayaDad:

Need guide to solve the following questions.

q1. in 20 years time, Tom's age will be 34 years less than twice Joan's age.
If Joan is now 3 times older than Tom, what is Tom's present age?

q2. A is the oldest among three people. When B's age was twice of C's age, A was 30 years old. When A's age was twice of B's age, C was 21 years old. How old was C when A was 62 years old.


the above questions, I have used models to get the answers as follows: Q1 . Tom (1 unit+20years)
Joan( 4unit +20 years) x 2
Tom is 2 years

Sorry, but answer not correct leh.
now Tom is 2, 20 years he is 22
22 + 34 = 56
J = 56/2 = 28
now J is 28 -20 = 8
now Tom = 2
Joan is now 3 times older than Tom...not true
Joan is now 4 times older than Tom.... typo? cuz ur method use 4 units...

3 times older meaning is 4 units.
is a common mistake we assume 3 times older is same as 3 times as..
in fact they are totally different.

More Than / Less Than statements are very common in Maths problem sums.
All of them share certain characteristics. I call More Than / Less Than statements, Difference Statements.
The objective of Difference Statements is to give us 2 pieces of information:
1. the difference between 2 values
2. which value is the larger value

let's have a look at a typical Difference Statement:
Michelle had 238 more cards than Adila
this means : Difference = 238, Michell > Adila
this can be translated to the mathematical statement: Michell - Adila = 238

here's a few more Difference Statements:
Sally paid $0.20 more than May
The boys planted 30 more trees than the girls
He spent $9.10 more on the pens than the erasers.
Danny earned $5 less than Richard each day
Each large bag has 5 more cookies than each small bag.

notice that there is a consistent structure to Difference Statements.
The Difference Statement contains the key words \"more than\"/ \" less than\"
The Difference value is a whole number. The more than/ less than indicates which value is larger.

let's have a look at the below problem:
Jack bought some pens and erasers for a total of $100.10. He spent $9.10 more on the pens than the erasers. Each pen costs $3.70 more than each eraser. Jack bought 6 times more erasers than pens. How much does each pen cost? Ans: $4.20
the solution is here for those who are interested: http://www.kiasuparents.com/kiasu/forum/viewtopic.php?f=69&t=280&start=480

Jack bought 6 times more erasers than pens.
Difference = 6u, Erasers > Pens
this translates to the mathematical statement:
Erasers - Pens = 6u (larger value - smaller value)

why 6u ? because it is 6 times of something. Since we don't know what that something is, we let 'u' be that something. The smaller value, Pens, represents \"u\",
thus: 7u - u = 6u
Pens = u, Erasers = 7u

a more advance form of Difference Statement is when the keywords \"more/greater than\" or \"less/fewer than\" is not used. Instead a comparative adjective is used. Comparative adjectives are adjectives that ends in \"er\". Some examples are \"shorter than\", \"bigger than\", \"faster than\", \"older than\". The keyword \"than\" remains. This tells us that the statement is a Difference Statement and we must evaluate it as such. We need to extract the Difference value and figure out which value is the larger value.

Joan is now 3 times older than Tom
Difference = 3u, Joan > Tom
Joan - Tom = 3u
since Tom is the smaller value, we let Tom = u.
4u - u = 3u
thus, Joan = 4u

what if we use another comparative adjective \"younger than\" instead ?
Joan is now 3 times younger than Tom
Difference = 3u, Joan < Tom
since Joan is now the smaller value, we let Joan = u,
Tom - Joan = 3u
Joan = u, Tom = 4u

so, depending on the comparative adjective used, the student has to discern which value is the larger value.